Author: 胡辰欣，兰州大学

Annotation: As early as the pre-Qin period, China already had rangers. Ranger is a special class active in the historical stage of the Spring and Autumn Period and the Qin and Han Dynasties, and the knight culture has also become a unique cultural phenomenon in our country. In the Western Han Dynasty, the ranger group appeared in historical records in different images. According to the records of the ranger in the history books, there is a big difference between Sima Qian's "Historical Records" and Ban Gu's "Han Shu" in the ranger thoughts, while in "Zi Zhi Tong Jian", Sima Guang's view of rangers is closer to that of the ranger. Ban Gu's point of view. This article attempts to restore the image of the ranger to a certain extent by comparing the records of the ranger in the three historical books, revealing the similarities or differences between Sima Guang’s attitude towards the ranger and the other two, and at the same time deeply investigate the reasons behind it. And then explore Sima Guang's concept of governance behind the ranger thought, in order to have a deep and comprehensive understanding of Sima Guang's complicated political thought.

Keywords: "Historical Records"; "Hanshu"; Sima Guang; "Zizhi Tongjian"; Ranger; State Administration Though