Author: Abdunabiev, Sunnat Botirovich; Safaraliev, Bekjon Sulaymon oʻgʻli

Annotation: This article analyzes the role and function of auxiliary words in the grammatical systems of Russian, Uzbek, and Arabic. Auxiliary words, although not independent lexical units, play a key role in expressing grammatical meanings and structuring sentences. The study explores different types of auxiliary words—prepositions, conjunctions, particles, and articles—and illustrates how they are used to convey spatial, temporal, causal, and purposive relationships in each language. Particular attention is given to the Arabic language, where the limited use of case endings increases the importance of auxiliary words in expressing syntactic relations. Through comparative analysis, the study highlights both the similarities and differences in the use and classification of auxiliary words across the three languages.

Keywords: auxiliary words, prepositions, conjunctions, particles, articles, grammatical relations, Arabic language, Russian language, Uzbek language, case system, supposition, syntactic structure.

Pages in journal: 122 - 127