Author: Bekmuradov, Sandjar Tursunmamatovich

Annotation: The Ulus of Chagatai, or Chagatai Khanate, is a Mongol Ulus that includes lands ruled by Genghis Khan's second son, Chagatai Khan, and his successors after the Mongol Empire. At the end of the XIII century, the khanate reached its highest peak in the south of the Aral Sea, from the Amu Darya to the Altai Mountains on the border of present-day Mongolia and China. The Mongols of the Ulus of Chagatai remained largely nomadic in their administration and did not settle in the city centers until the end of the XV century. The Mongols of the Ulus of Chagatai ruled over the urban population of Transoxiana and the Tarim Basin. It is known that the first khan of the Ulus was Chagatai Khan. But the question arises whether Chagatai and his successors were completely independent in governing the state. May be Genghis Khan divided his empire among his children, in order to obey the central government, that is, Khaqan. By the way from the beginning, the movement of the Botu dynasties, and then the Tulu dynasties, was in many cases independent. Apparently, the nomadic Mongols did not have experience in managing the sedentary population, so Chagatai Khan initially entrusted the management of his people to Mahmud Yalavach from Khorezm and his descendants. Until the end of his life, he worked in the palace of his brother Ögedei Khaqan as the chief adviser and responsible for the order of the Yasa rules. Most of the income of the Chagatai people went to the Center, that is, to the Karakorum. The rest was spent by local governors for the needs of the nation and the army. At the same time, the people were oppressed not only by the Mongol nobility, but also by the local aristocracy. We observe this situation more in the Chagatai nation through sources. The situation was different in the rest of the nations. Therefore, after Chagatai, several khans tried hard to become completely independent from the Center, to gain control of Transoxiana. This situation continued until Duva Khan. Only by the time of Duva Khan did the Chagatai nation gain full independence.

Keywords: Transoxiana, Genghis Khan, The Ulus of Chagatai, Mahmud Yalavach, Barak, Duva Khan, Mubarak Shah, Jamal al-Qarshi, Kashani, Haravi, Sayf ad-Din Baharzi, Botu, Munke, Qaydu, legitimacy.